Reimagining facade design using a collaborative gamification approach for enhanced form-based codes: 15 Khordad Street in Tehran

Abstract

This study presents a novel methodological innovation by integrating the Delphi technique into a gamified evaluation framework, offering a new hybrid approach to collaboratively developing Form-Based Codes (FBCs). The primary goal is to increase the flexibility and participatory nature of the design process. The research focuses on a segment of 15 Khordad Street in Tehran, where facade design was re-envisioned via a collaborative digital platform using the Delphi technique. Based on literature review and a survey, the study provides a deep understanding of the area’s design dynamics. Facade design alternatives were developed and interactively modeled using Unity3D. This interactive environment allowed urban designers exploring various design permutations and selecting their preferred facade elements based on the FBC alternatives. The collective preferences were then synthesized to identify an optimal facade design for the area. Findings revealed that 44% of participants favored a setback pattern, showing a strong preference for a specific urban design approach. By incorporating gamification into the FBC selection process, the study aims to shift urban design from a product-centric approach to a more dynamic, process-oriented, and participatory methodology. This research highlights the potential of gamification in transforming traditional urban design practices into more flexible, inclusive, and cyclical processes.